Water is a crucial resource for households, businesses, and industries. As access to municipal water sources remains unreliable in many parts of Kenya, borehole drilling has become a practical and long-term solution for ensuring a consistent water supply. Eunidrip Irrigation Systems is one of the leading borehole services providers in Kenya, offering high-quality borehole drilling in Kenya using state-of-the-art technology and modern drilling machinery. We cater to industrial, commercial, and domestic markets, ensuring our clients have access to clean and safe water.
Over the years, we have drilled over 200 boreholes across the country, providing reliable water solutions in both urban and remote areas. Our expertise spans Symmetric Drilling, Core Drilling, and Geo-technical Drilling, enabling us to handle a wide range of drilling projects. Additionally, we install submersible electric pumps, solar pumps, and hand pumps, as well as erect steel tanks and towers to ensure efficient water storage and distribution.
The Borehole Drilling Process in Kenya
Borehole Drilling Process
Drilling a borehole is a multi-step procedure that requires precision, expertise, and specialized equipment to ensure a sustainable and efficient water supply. Below is a detailed breakdown of each stage in the borehole drilling process:
1. Hydrogeological Survey
A hydrogeological survey is the first and most crucial step in borehole drilling. This assessment helps in identifying the most suitable location for drilling based on underground water sources. It involves:
- Geological and Hydrological Analysis – Experts analyze the rock formations and water-bearing zones to determine the potential yield.
- Soil and Rock Composition Testing – The type of soil and rock impacts the drilling method and casing material selection.
- Water Table Depth Estimation – Understanding the depth of the water table ensures that the borehole is drilled deep enough for a sustainable water supply.
- Regulatory Compliance – Conducting the necessary checks to ensure that drilling activities comply with local environmental and water regulations.
2. Borehole Drilling
Once a suitable site has been identified, the actual drilling begins. This process involves:
- Mobilization of Equipment – Drilling rigs, compressors, and other necessary machinery are transported to the site.
- Drilling to the Recommended Depth – Boreholes are typically drilled using rotary or percussion drilling methods, depending on the geological conditions.
- Handling Geological Challenges – In areas with hard rock formations, specialized drill bits and techniques are used to penetrate the layers effectively.
- Monitoring Borehole Stability – As drilling progresses, the stability of the borehole is constantly assessed to prevent collapse.
3. Casing and Gravel Packing
After reaching the required depth, the borehole must be stabilized to prevent collapse and ensure clean water extraction. This is done through:
- Casing Installation – A durable casing, usually made of PVC or stainless steel, is inserted into the borehole. This casing acts as a protective lining to maintain the structural integrity of the borehole.
- Gravel Packing – Filter-packed gravel is placed around the casing to support the borehole walls and act as a filtration medium to prevent fine sand and sediments from entering the water.
- Sealing the Borehole – In some cases, a sanitary seal is added at the surface to prevent contaminants from seeping into the borehole.
4. Borehole Development and Testing
Before the borehole is put into use, it must be developed and tested to ensure optimal performance. This stage includes:
- Flushing Out Sediments – The borehole is cleaned by removing debris, drilling fluids, and fine particles.
- Pump Testing – A test pump is installed to determine the borehole’s yield (liters per second) and the sustainable pumping rate.
- Assessing Water Yield and Recovery Rate – Monitoring the speed at which the borehole refills ensures that the water supply meets the required demand.
- Ensuring Structural Integrity – Additional checks are done to confirm that the casing and gravel pack are properly installed and functioning correctly.
5. Water Pump Installation
Choosing the right pump is critical for the efficient operation of the borehole. The pump installation process includes:
- Selecting the Appropriate Pump – The type of pump is determined by the depth of the borehole, required water yield, and available power sources.
- Types of Pumps:
- Submersible Electric Pumps – Ideal for deep boreholes and powered by electricity.
- Solar-Powered Pumps – Suitable for off-grid locations where electricity is scarce.
- Hand Pumps – Used in rural areas where manual pumping is necessary.
- Proper Pump Positioning – The pump is installed at the correct depth to maximize efficiency and longevity.
- Electrical and Piping Connections – The pump is connected to power sources and water distribution systems for seamless operation.
6. Water Storage and Distribution
To ensure a steady supply of water, storage and distribution systems must be installed. This step involves:
- Installation of Water Tanks – Steel or plastic tanks are erected on towers to store pumped water.
- Construction of Steel Towers – Elevated steel towers help in maintaining water pressure for distribution.
- Piping and Distribution Network – Properly laid-out pipes connect the borehole to residential, commercial, or agricultural usage points.
- Water Pressure Regulation – Pressure pumps and control valves are installed where necessary to regulate flow and prevent damage to the distribution system.
7. Water Quality Testing and Treatment
Ensuring that the water is safe for consumption is the final and one of the most important steps. This process includes:
- Testing for Contaminants – Laboratory analysis is conducted to check for bacteria, heavy metals, and chemical contaminants.
- pH Level Testing – Ensuring the water is neither too acidic nor too alkaline.
- Water Treatment Solutions:
- Chlorination – Used to kill harmful bacteria and pathogens.
- Filtration Systems – Removes sediments and impurities.
- Reverse Osmosis – A purification method used for removing dissolved salts and minerals.
- Compliance with Health Standards – The water is compared against national and international drinking water quality standards.
Final Steps and Commissioning
Once all the necessary installations and testing procedures have been completed, the borehole is ready for use. This final stage includes:
- Client Handover and Training – The owner is guided on how to operate and maintain the borehole system.
- Regular Maintenance Recommendations – Advice on routine checks and servicing to keep the borehole in optimal condition.
- Provision of Documentation – Clients receive well logs, water test results, and operational guidelines.
- After-Sales Support – Ongoing assistance, including repair and servicing, is provided when needed.
Borehole Drilling Costs in Kenya by County
The cost of borehole drilling in Kenya varies based on several factors, including soil type, depth, and geographic location. Below is an overview of typical costs per county:
| County | Cost (Min) | Cost (Max) |
| Nairobi | KES 6,100 | KES 9,500 |
| Mombasa | KES 7,000 | KES 9,500 |
| Turkana | KES 8,000 | KES 9,500 |
| Busia | KES 7,700 | KES 11,000 |
| Kilifi | KES 7,500 | KES 9,500 |
| Machakos | KES 6,500 | KES 9,500 |
Counties with loose soils, like Busia and Kilifi, tend to have higher costs due to the complexity of drilling. On the other hand, rocky regions like Turkana may require specialized equipment, adding to the overall cost.
Why Choose Eunidrip Irrigation Systems for Borehole Drilling Services in Kenya?
- Nationwide Coverage
With operations across all 47 counties, Eunidrip provides tailored solutions to meet diverse water needs. - Experienced Team
Our team of experts ensures precise drilling with minimal environmental impact, guaranteeing long-term water supply solutions. - End-to-End Support
From hydrogeological surveys and permit applications to drilling, casing, and water analysis, we offer a complete package. - Sustainability and Compliance
We prioritize sustainable water use by strictly adhering to national water management regulations and environmental standards.
Benefits of Borehole Drilling
- Cost-Effective Water Supply: Reduces reliance on municipal water, lowering long-term costs.
- Reliable Water Access: Particularly in arid and semi-arid regions.
- Increased Property Value: Boreholes enhance property appeal, especially in water-scarce areas.
Contact Eunidrip Irrigation Systems
For expert borehole drilling services in Kenya, contact Eunidrip Irrigation Systems at +254 728 163329. We’ll guide you through every step of the process, ensuring access to clean, reliable water tailored to your needs.
FAQ
What are the key requirements for drilling a borehole in Kenya?
To drill a borehole in Kenya, you need a hydrogeological survey, permits from the Water Resources Authority (WRA), an Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) report, approval from the National Environment Management Authority (NEMA), and in some cases, a letter of no objection from local water service providers.
How much does borehole drilling cost in Kenya?
Borehole drilling costs vary depending on factors like location, depth, and soil type. Costs can range from KES 6,000 to KES 11,000 per meter. Eunidrip Irrigation Systems provides tailored quotes based on individual project needs across all 47 counties.
How long does it take to drill a borehole?
The duration depends on the borehole’s depth and soil conditions. Typically, it takes between 7 and 14 days, including surveys, permits, drilling, and installation. Eunidrip streamlines this process for efficient completion.
Do I need permits if the borehole is on private property?
Yes, permits are mandatory even for private properties. These include WRA and NEMA approvals, ensuring the borehole adheres to water resource management regulations and environmental standards.
What services does Eunidrip Irrigation Systems offer in borehole drilling?
Eunidrip provides end-to-end borehole drilling services, including hydrogeological surveys, permit acquisition, drilling, casing, test pumping, and water quality analysis, ensuring a hassle-free experience from start to finish.
For more details, contact Eunidrip Irrigation Systems at +254 728 163329.
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